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Heroes Month Spotlight- Josiah Magama Tongogara: Life, Leadership, and Legacy

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Widely known as General Tongo during Zimbabwe’s liberation struggle, Josiah Magama Tongogara was the commanding figure of ZANLA (Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army), the military wing of ZANU (Zimbabwe African National Union). He played a vital leadership role in the Dare ReChimurenga (ZANU’s War Council) and its High Command, overseeing military strategies against the Rhodesian regime led by Ian Smith.

In December 2017, the Zimbabwean government officially renamed King George VI Barracks and the Air Force Headquarters in Harare to Josiah Magama Tongogara Barracks, honoring his contributions to the liberation of the country.

Early Life

Tongogara was born on 4 February 1938 in Selukwe (now Shurugwi). He grew up on a farm owned by Ian Smith’s parents, where both of his own parents worked and where he too was later employed. He completed primary education up to Standard Six. Due to challenges accessing secondary education, he migrated to Northern Rhodesia (modern-day Zambia) in 1960, where he studied bookkeeping and took up a job as secretary at Chainama Golf Club.

Path to Revolution

His brother Percy’s untimely drowning in the Kafue River—which he believed to be politically motivated—served as a turning point in Tongogara’s life, pushing him towards militant nationalism. In 1963, he began political activism in Zambia through ZANU’s youth wing. By 1966, he led the first group of liberation fighters to undergo military training in China.

Tongogara was seen as a capable and assertive leader. In 1973, he replaced Herbert Chitepo as head of ZANU’s High Command, signaling a shift in internal power dynamics within the movement. A year later, he openly opposed peace negotiations initiated by Zambian President Kenneth Kaunda, insisting that the armed struggle continue.

Arrest and Military Unity

Following the assassination of Chitepo in March 1975, Tongogara was arrested and imprisoned in Zambia on suspicion of involvement. While incarcerated, he endorsed the formation of ZIPA (Zimbabwe People’s Army), a unified military front combining fighters from both ZANLA and ZIPRA (the military arm of ZAPU). He was acquitted and released in 1976, just in time to attend the Geneva Conference.

Lancaster House Talks and Push for Unity

Tongogara played an influential role in the 1979 Lancaster House negotiations that paved the way for Zimbabwe’s independence. Known for his level-headed approach, he reportedly helped mediate tense moments, including one instance when he calmed down Robert Mugabe after a heated exchange with Lord Carrington, the talks’ chair.

He advocated for unity between ZANU and ZAPU, even holding private meetings with Joshua Nkomo. Some believe his push for post-war political integration and his strong stance during the talks may have made him a target.

Controversial Death

Tongogara died on 26 December 1979, just days after the Lancaster House Agreement. Official accounts state he perished in a car accident in Mozambique, but the circumstances of his death remain widely disputed. Conflicting reports range from mechanical failure to collision with an abandoned military vehicle. Some even allege that he was assassinated, potentially due to his influence and differing political vision from Mugabe.

Family members, including his widow Angelina, raised concerns over the secrecy surrounding his death. She claimed she was never allowed to fully view his body and questioned the official version of events. Later interviews and testimonies, including from Oppah Muchinguri and Dumiso Dabengwa, presented varying narratives—some insisting it was an accident, others suggesting an internal plot.

Personal Life and Family

Tongogara was married to Angelina, with whom he had four children: Hondo, Tichafa, Bvumai, and Nyaradzo. However, his eldest brother, Michael Tongogara, claimed Josiah fathered ten children with seven women during the war. One of his children, Conrad (born 1963), is said to be the eldest. Others include Sukai, Simba, Tichaitora, Annie, and Granger.

Legacy and Recognition

In 2012, the Tongogara Legacy Foundation was launched to preserve his memory and contributions to Zimbabwe’s liberation. Despite early neglect from the state, his family eventually received government support. Angelina even sought help from then Prime Minister Morgan Tsvangirai, alleging economic hardship due to state inaction.

Calls were made to declare 26 December as Josiah Tongogara Day, though this was not officially adopted. However, the renaming of military installations in 2017 by President Emmerson Mnangagwa was a significant gesture of recognition.

Josiah Tongogara remains a complex and revered figure in Zimbabwe’s liberation history. Respected for his military brilliance, political foresight, and commitment to unity, his untimely and controversial death left a void in Zimbabwe’s post-independence trajectory. His life continues to inspire debate, research, and remembrance.

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Muduvuri Salutes Zimbabwe’s Heroes and Defence Forces

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Founder Jimayi Muduvuri has proudly joined His Excellency President E.D. Mnangagwa and the nation in paying tribute to Zimbabwe’s heroes and the brave men and women of the defence forces.

Muduvuri commended their unwavering patriotism, courage, and selfless service in safeguarding the country’s sovereignty and peace. He emphasised that the sacrifices made by Zimbabwe’s heroes both past and present remain the cornerstone of the nation’s independence and stability.

“Our heroes and dedicated defence forces embody the true spirit of Zimbabwe. Their commitment ensures that our nation continues to thrive in unity, peace, and progress,” Muduvuri said.

His remarks come as the country marks this special occasion by honouring those who defended Zimbabwe’s freedom and continue to protect its people.

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Ministry Launches Best Extension Worker Award to Boost Agricultural Excellence

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The Ministry of Lands, Agriculture, Water, Fisheries, and Rural Development has introduced the Best Extension Worker Award, a programme created to inspire agricultural extension officers to excel in their duties as Zimbabwe advances towards national food security.

The award, unveiled in Banket this Friday, will honour and reward dedicated agricultural business advisors formerly called extension officers who play a pivotal role in assisting farmers and driving rural productivity.

The initiative has received an enthusiastic response from beneficiaries.

“This award pushes us, as the frontline workforce, to go beyond our limits. It will sharpen our skills and encourage healthy competition among us. Ultimately, the farmers stand to gain the most,” said Makonde Ward 5 Extension Worker, Mr. Mushambi Tigere.

Mhondoro Ngezi Ward 5 Extension Worker, Mrs. Nyasha Gonde, echoed the sentiment, expressing appreciation for government support:
“We no longer face mobility challenges thanks to the motorbikes provided, and communication has improved with the tablets we were given. We also get timely updates on current trends and attend regular, high-impact capacity-building workshops.”

Government officials emphasise that empowered extension officers are essential to achieving food self-sufficiency.

“This award is about encouraging excellence and accountability in our extension services. These officers link research to the farmer, and their performance directly influences output. With the tools and resources provided, we expect them to deliver more. Our ultimate goal is to guarantee food security by boosting yields per hectare—and that depends on farmers getting timely, relevant support,” explained Professor Obert Jiri, the Ministry’s Permanent Secretary.

Mashonaland West Provincial Director, Mrs. Medlinah Magwenzi, highlighted the transformation in service delivery:
“Motivated officers make our work easier. With motorbikes, tablets, and solar kits, they can now gather data in real time, track crop growth more accurately, and respond quickly to farmers’ needs. This digital shift also supports evidence-based decisions at a national level, ensuring efficiency, higher productivity, and that no farmer is overlooked.”

Masvingo Provincial Director, Mr. Caleb Mahoya, pointed to his province’s agricultural potential:
“Masvingo controls about 52% of Zimbabwe’s water bodies, giving us huge production capacity. Before this programme, our officers struggled to reach many farmers due to transport and equipment shortages. Now, with the new resources, they can cover more ground, give real-time technical guidance, and submit instant reports. This has significantly boosted farmer engagement and the uptake of recommended practices.”

With increased motivation and better tools, agricultural extension officers are now better placed to help farmers propel Zimbabwe towards its goal of food self-sufficiency.

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Tagwirei Officially Co-Opted Into ZANU PF Central Committee

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ZANU PF has officially acknowledged the inclusion of prominent businessman and party financier Kudakwashe Tagwirei into its Central Committee.

Tagwirei, whose previous appearance at a Central Committee meeting sparked national attention, has now formally joined one of the ruling party’s most influential decision-making bodies.

According to the party’s Secretary for Legal Affairs, Patrick Chinamasa, Tagwirei was nominated by the Harare province and will serve alongside Polite Kambamura (Mashonaland West), Joseph Serima, Christine Gwati, and Collen Ndebele—all recommended by the Matabeleland North province.

These appointments were ratified during the party’s 385th Ordinary Session of the Politburo earlier this week, following a vote by the Harare Provincial Coordinating Committee in Tagwirei’s case.

“The Politburo has approved the co-options from Mashonaland West, Matabeleland North, and Harare, and these will be officially adopted by the Central Committee at its upcoming session,” Chinamasa stated. “Tagwirei, who was nominated by Harare Province, is now officially part of the Central Committee.”

Unlike his previous controversial attempt to join the body—when he had to be escorted out—this time, Chinamasa confirmed that all proper procedures were followed, and those co-opted are expected to participate in the next meeting.

Internal rivalries within ZANU PF were previously cited as the main reason for resistance to Tagwirei’s inclusion in the powerful committee.

Having recently transitioned into active politics, Tagwirei is rumored to be positioning himself for a future presidential bid. Unconfirmed reports suggest he is currently seen as a leading contender to succeed President Emmerson Mnangagwa.

His political ambitions have reportedly caused tension within the party, particularly with spokesperson Christopher Mutsvangwa, who also sees himself as a frontrunner for the presidency—potentially even ahead of Vice President Constantino Chiwenga, once considered the top contender.

ALSO READ : Minister Ndlovu Opens Strategic Plan Review Workshop, Urges Bold Industrial Reforms

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