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Heroes Month Spotlight- Josiah Magama Tongogara: Life, Leadership, and Legacy

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Widely known as General Tongo during Zimbabwe’s liberation struggle, Josiah Magama Tongogara was the commanding figure of ZANLA (Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army), the military wing of ZANU (Zimbabwe African National Union). He played a vital leadership role in the Dare ReChimurenga (ZANU’s War Council) and its High Command, overseeing military strategies against the Rhodesian regime led by Ian Smith.

In December 2017, the Zimbabwean government officially renamed King George VI Barracks and the Air Force Headquarters in Harare to Josiah Magama Tongogara Barracks, honoring his contributions to the liberation of the country.

Early Life

Tongogara was born on 4 February 1938 in Selukwe (now Shurugwi). He grew up on a farm owned by Ian Smith’s parents, where both of his own parents worked and where he too was later employed. He completed primary education up to Standard Six. Due to challenges accessing secondary education, he migrated to Northern Rhodesia (modern-day Zambia) in 1960, where he studied bookkeeping and took up a job as secretary at Chainama Golf Club.

Path to Revolution

His brother Percy’s untimely drowning in the Kafue River—which he believed to be politically motivated—served as a turning point in Tongogara’s life, pushing him towards militant nationalism. In 1963, he began political activism in Zambia through ZANU’s youth wing. By 1966, he led the first group of liberation fighters to undergo military training in China.

Tongogara was seen as a capable and assertive leader. In 1973, he replaced Herbert Chitepo as head of ZANU’s High Command, signaling a shift in internal power dynamics within the movement. A year later, he openly opposed peace negotiations initiated by Zambian President Kenneth Kaunda, insisting that the armed struggle continue.

Arrest and Military Unity

Following the assassination of Chitepo in March 1975, Tongogara was arrested and imprisoned in Zambia on suspicion of involvement. While incarcerated, he endorsed the formation of ZIPA (Zimbabwe People’s Army), a unified military front combining fighters from both ZANLA and ZIPRA (the military arm of ZAPU). He was acquitted and released in 1976, just in time to attend the Geneva Conference.

Lancaster House Talks and Push for Unity

Tongogara played an influential role in the 1979 Lancaster House negotiations that paved the way for Zimbabwe’s independence. Known for his level-headed approach, he reportedly helped mediate tense moments, including one instance when he calmed down Robert Mugabe after a heated exchange with Lord Carrington, the talks’ chair.

He advocated for unity between ZANU and ZAPU, even holding private meetings with Joshua Nkomo. Some believe his push for post-war political integration and his strong stance during the talks may have made him a target.

Controversial Death

Tongogara died on 26 December 1979, just days after the Lancaster House Agreement. Official accounts state he perished in a car accident in Mozambique, but the circumstances of his death remain widely disputed. Conflicting reports range from mechanical failure to collision with an abandoned military vehicle. Some even allege that he was assassinated, potentially due to his influence and differing political vision from Mugabe.

Family members, including his widow Angelina, raised concerns over the secrecy surrounding his death. She claimed she was never allowed to fully view his body and questioned the official version of events. Later interviews and testimonies, including from Oppah Muchinguri and Dumiso Dabengwa, presented varying narratives—some insisting it was an accident, others suggesting an internal plot.

Personal Life and Family

Tongogara was married to Angelina, with whom he had four children: Hondo, Tichafa, Bvumai, and Nyaradzo. However, his eldest brother, Michael Tongogara, claimed Josiah fathered ten children with seven women during the war. One of his children, Conrad (born 1963), is said to be the eldest. Others include Sukai, Simba, Tichaitora, Annie, and Granger.

Legacy and Recognition

In 2012, the Tongogara Legacy Foundation was launched to preserve his memory and contributions to Zimbabwe’s liberation. Despite early neglect from the state, his family eventually received government support. Angelina even sought help from then Prime Minister Morgan Tsvangirai, alleging economic hardship due to state inaction.

Calls were made to declare 26 December as Josiah Tongogara Day, though this was not officially adopted. However, the renaming of military installations in 2017 by President Emmerson Mnangagwa was a significant gesture of recognition.

Josiah Tongogara remains a complex and revered figure in Zimbabwe’s liberation history. Respected for his military brilliance, political foresight, and commitment to unity, his untimely and controversial death left a void in Zimbabwe’s post-independence trajectory. His life continues to inspire debate, research, and remembrance.

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Local Government cracks down on ‘Fundraising’ workshops for Councils

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Itai Mazire

The Ministry of Local Government and Public Works has issued a stern directive to local authorities, urging them to cease participation in non-essential workshops and conferences perceived as mere fundraising ventures by external entities.

The move, outlined in a memorandum signed by Permanent Secretary Dr. John Basera on 14 May 2026, shows a critical shift towards prioritizing efficient service delivery amidst ongoing financial challenges.

The memorandum highlights a growing concern within the ministry regarding the proliferation of such events.

“It has been noted with concern that some institutions and entities are organising workshops and conferences targeting local authorities primarily for their fundraising purposes,” said Dr Basera.

This directive comes as local authorities grapple with

depressed revenue collection.

The Ministry emphasizes the need to re-direct resources towards core functions.

“Considering the current challenges facing local authorities, particularly depressed revenue collection and the need to prioritize efficient service delivery, it is imperative that available resources be directed towards operational and service delivery-related activities,” he said.

Local authorities are now advised to significantly reduce their involvement in events that do not directly contribute to improving public services.

The memorandum explicitly warns against arrangements that offer little to no tangible benefit.

“Accordingly, local authorities should not support or tolerate arrangements by third-party entities requiring the purchase of tables, payment of conference fees, accommodation costs and related expenditures which offer limited or no tangible value to service delivery outcomes.”

This new position is effective immediately and will remain in force until further notice, signaling a resolute effort by the Ministry to streamline operations and ensure accountability in resource allocation within local governance.

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Malaba Urges Proper Governance in Farewell Address

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Retired Chief Justice Luke Malaba called for governance that serves all citizens and praised inter-branch cooperation as he delivered the vote of thanks at his retirement ceremony.

Speaking at a special sitting of the Constitutional Court, Malaba said the rule of law requires leaders to govern properly and create conditions for others to thrive.

Malaba said he leaves a vision of a Zimbabwe that all citizens can be proud to belong to, built on revolution, reform and adding value to people’s lives. He said he was proud to have lived and worked in government until his retirement

“Let us have a vision of a Zimbabwe where we can all be proud to belong. The vision of a revolution, the vision of reform, the vision of adding value to the lives of the people,” Malaba said.

He noted there is no rulebook defining what a Chief Justice should do, saying it falls to the person in office to create and innovate. Malaba said creation is only possible when those in power allow it and respect the judiciary’s role.

“There are no rules, there is no definition of what a Chief Justice should do. It is that person who is in an office of a Chief Justice who must create,” he said.

Malaba credited the executive and legislative arms for allowing the judiciary to operate independently. He said the progress was not his achievement alone but the result of many in government.

“The three arms of government have worked marvelously allowing the judiciary to pursue independently what is best for the country. It is a journey by many people in government,” he said.

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Bulawayo Resident Dies from Acute Gastro-enteritis Amidst Contaminated Water Concerns

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Bulawayo Resident Dies from Acute Gastro-enteritis Amidst Contaminated Water Concerns

Bulawayo, Zimbabwe – A tragic incident in Bulawayo has highlighted critical public health concerns, with a resident succumbing to acute gastro-enteritis, commonly known as stomach flu. The death is reportedly linked to the consumption of contaminated borehole water in Pumula South, following disruptions to the municipal reticulated water supply.

The unfortunate fatality was documented in the latest health surveillance report issued by the Bulawayo City Council (BCC). Investigations detailed in the report indicate that the deceased did not seek timely medical intervention, leading to severe diarrhea and dehydration that ultimately proved fatal. Post-mortem examinations confirmed that the patient died from hypovolemic shock, a direct consequence of acute gastro-enteritis.

Further compounding the household’s distress, another individual within the same residence subsequently fell ill. Fortunately, this person recovered after receiving treatment at Mpilo Central Hospital, underscoring the severity of the water contamination.

Laboratory tests conducted on water samples from the affected borehole in Pumula South revealed significant contamination, specifically identifying the presence of non-faecal coliforms. This finding points to a serious breach in water safety standards, posing a substantial risk to public health.

Council health officials noted challenges in their investigation, as family members reportedly declined stool sampling and contact tracing efforts. This non-cooperation can impede comprehensive epidemiological assessments and the implementation of effective public health interventions.

The broader context of Bulawayo’s water infrastructure raises further alarms. Recent council water quality checks indicated that a staggering 62% of water points tested across the city failed one or more safety criteria, including instances of faecal contamination. This widespread issue has impacted numerous public facilities, including schools and clinics, in areas such as Nkulumane, Emganwini, and Luveve.

Adding to the crisis, the council’s most recent environmental health report also brought attention to persistent sewer overflows in Emganwini and numerous complaints regarding foul-smelling water in various residential zones. The report explicitly warned that the city’s aging sewer systems and the increasing pressure on existing water networks are significantly elevating public health risks.

In March alone, Bulawayo recorded 247 cases of diarrhea, with one fatality, as detailed in the report. Residents in the western suburbs, particularly affected by the worsening water situation, voiced their concerns, stating that they often have no alternative but to rely on potentially unsafe borehole water sources.

In response to these alarming developments, council health officials have issued an urgent advisory. Residents are strongly urged to boil or disinfect any water obtained from unverified sources. Furthermore, they emphasize the critical importance of seeking immediate medical attention for symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting, and dehydration to prevent further tragic outcomes.

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